In Lesson 15, the narrative unfolds in the aftermath of World War I, where the armies of the democracies are welcomed as liberators in the Near and Middle East. The Turks, exhausted from continuous fighting since 1911, are eager for peace. In Istanbul, a government formed by the old Liberals collaborates with the Allies, and the British High Commission oversees the region with military support.
However, unrest emerges in Eastern Anatolia, where Kiyazim Karabekar and remnants of the Ottoman Army resist Allied control. The Turks grow bolder, causing concern among the Allies and in Istanbul. Mustafa Kamal emerges as a strong candidate to address the situation. Initially, the British High Commissioner hesitates, but Mustafa Kamal is appointed Governor-General of the Eastern Provinces and sails to Anatolia in May 1919.
As Mustafa Kamal arrives, suspicions arise in Istanbul about his intentions, and orders are issued to intercept his ship. Simultaneously, the Allies reveal their plan to partition the Ottoman Empire, with the British Mediterranean Fleet announcing the occupation of Izmir and the province of Aydin by the Greeks. The Ottoman troops withdraw, and the Greeks raise the Cross as they disembark in Izmir. This sets the stage for Mustafa Kamal’s crucial role in the unfolding events in Anatolia.
- Chapter No. 15 Homeostasis 2nd Year Biology
- Chapter No. 16 Support and Movement 2nd Year Biology
- Chapter No. 17 Coordination and Control 2nd Year Biology
- Chapter No. 18 Reproduction 2nd Year Biology
- Chapter No. 19 Growth and Development 2nd Year Biology