Welcome to Unit #2 of 10th class computer science “USER INTERACTION”. In this unit, students will dive into the world of programming interactions, gaining essential skills to engage with users effectively. By the end of this unit, you will have mastered the usage of output and input functions like printf() and scanf(), as well as explored additional input functions like getch(). The importance of statement terminators, format specifiers for integers, decimals, floats, and characters will become second nature to you. Furthermore, you will grasp the concept of escape sequences, including their practical applications through programming examples. Notably, you’ll become proficient in defining arithmetic operations and employing fundamental arithmetic operators such as addition (+) and subtraction (-). Get ready to embark on a journey that equips you with the tools to create dynamic and interactive programs.
10th Computer Unit 2 Long Questions Notes
- 10th Class Pak Study Textbook
- 9th and 10th Class General Science Textbook
- Chapter No. 9 Notes 10th Chemistry
- Biology 10th Class Past Papers
- English Past Papers of 10th Class
10th Computer Unit 2 MCQ’s
10th Computer Unit 2 Activities Notes
10th Computer Unit 2 Exercise
10th Computer Unit 2 Short Questions Notes
Question: What is the purpose of a computer programming language’s I/O functions?
Answer: Programming languages provide instructions to handle input, output, and data processing. I/O functions are used to receive input from users and display output.
Question: What is the function of the printf() function in C programming?
Answer: The printf() function is used to display formatted output on the screen. It is a built-in function in C programming for showing output.
Question: Explain the meaning of “format specifiers” in C language.
Answer: Format specifiers are placeholders used within printf() to specify the format of data to be displayed. They allow for displaying various data types in a specific format, like integers, floats, or characters.
Question: How would you display the value of an integer variable using printf()?
Answer: To display the value of an integer variable, you would use %d or %i as the format specifier within the printf() function.
Question: What is the output format when using %f format specifier for floating-point numbers?
Answer: When using %f format specifier, floating-point numbers are displayed with six digits after the decimal point.
Question: How can you control the number of digits displayed after the decimal point using format specifiers?
Answer: To control the number of digits after the decimal point, you can use the format specifier %.nf, where n represents the desired number of digits.
Question: Provide an example of using format specifiers to display the result of an expression involving constants.
Answer: printf(“Sum of 23 and 45 is %d”, 23 + 45); will output: “Sum of 23 and 45 is 68.”
Question: Explain the purpose of the scanf() function in C programming.
Answer: The scanf() function is used to take input from the user. It reads formatted data from the standard input stream (usually the keyboard) and assigns it to variables.
Question: Describe the purpose of the getch() function in C programming.
Answer: The getch() function is used to read a single character from the keyboard without displaying it on the screen. It’s often used to capture user input for navigation or other interactive features.
Question: What is the significance of statement terminators (semicolons) in programming?
Answer: Statement terminators, represented by semicolons, indicate the end of a statement in a programming language. They separate different statements, allowing the compiler or interpreter to understand the code’s structure and logic.
Question: How does reading a character using getch() differ from reading a character using scanf()?
Answer: When reading a character using scanf(), the program waits for the user to press the enter key. However, when using getch(), the program does not wait for the enter key; it reads a character and continues with the execution of the next line of code.
Question: What is the purpose of a statement terminator in C?
Answer: A statement terminator, indicated by a semicolon (;), is used to signify the end of a line of code. It tells the compiler that the current statement has ended.
Question: What is an escape sequence in C?
Answer: Escape sequences are special character combinations that are used in strings to represent certain actions or characters that are difficult to input directly. They start with a backslash () followed by a specific character.
Question: Provide an example of an escape sequence and explain its purpose.
Answer: An example of an escape sequence is \”, which is used to include a double quotation mark within a string. For instance, printf(“My name is \”Ali\””); will output: My name is “Ali”.
Question: What does the escape sequence \n represent?
Answer: The escape sequence \n represents a newline character, which moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line, allowing for printing output on multiple lines.
Question: How is the escape sequence \t used?
Answer: The escape sequence \t represents a horizontal tab character, which moves the cursor to the next tab stop (often equivalent to 8 spaces).
Question: How do you include an escape sequence in a string?
Answer: To include an escape sequence in a string, you precede it with a backslash (). For example, \n represents a newline escape sequence.
Question: What is the purpose of the escape character () in escape sequences?
Answer: The escape character is used to indicate the beginning of an escape sequence. It is followed by a specific character that determines the type of escape sequence.
Question: What is the purpose of an assignment operator?
Answer: An assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable or assign the value of one variable to another.
Question: Which operator is used for assignment in C language?
Answer: The equal sign = is used as the assignment operator in C.
Question: Explain the purpose of the arithmetic operators.
Answer: Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations on data, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus.
Question: How does the division operator (/) work in C?
Answer: The division operator (/) divides the value of the left operand by the value of the right operand. If both operands are of type int, the result is also of type int and the remainder is truncated.
Question: What is the modulus operator (%) used for?
Answer: The modulus operator (%) returns the remainder value after dividing the left operand by the right operand. It works on integer data types.
Question: Explain the purpose of the increment (++) and decrement (–) operators.
Answer: The increment (++) operator increases the value of a variable by 1, while the decrement (–) operator decreases the value of a variable by 1.
Question: How do you calculate the rightmost digit of a number using the modulus operator?
Answer: By using the expression num % 10, where num is the number whose rightmost digit you want to find.
Question: What is the result of the expression float result = 3.0 / 2.0;?
Answer: The variable result will contain the value 1.5.
Question: How do you calculate the sum of two variables math and science in C?
Answer: By using the expression sum = math + science;.
Question: Find out the results of the following Expressions:
16/(5+3)
7+ 3 * (12 + 2)
25 % 3 * 4
34-9*2/(33)
18/(15-3 * 2)
Answer: Expression: 16/(5+3)
Answer: 2
Calculation: 16 / (5 + 3) = 16 / 8 = 2
Expression: 7 + 3 * (12 + 2)
Answer: 43
Calculation: 7 + 3 * (12 + 2) = 7 + 3 * 14 = 7 + 42 = 43
Expression: 25 % 3 * 4
Answer: 8
Calculation: 25 % 3 * 4 = 1 * 4 = 4
Expression: 34 – 9 * 2 / 33
Answer: 32.727
Calculation: 34 – 9 * 2 / 33 = 34 – 18 / 33 = 34 – 0.545 = 32.727 (approx.)
Expression: 18 / (15 – 3 * 2)
Answer: 2
Calculation: 18 / (15 – 3 * 2) = 18 / (15 – 6) = 18 / 9 = 2
What is the difference between scanf and getche?
scanf is used to read input from the user and assign it to variables based on format specifiers. It waits for the user to input data and press the Enter key.
getche is used to read a single character input from the user, and the character is immediately displayed on the screen. It doesn’t wait for the user to press Enter.
Which function of C language is used to display output on the screen?
The printf() function is used to display output on the screen in C language.
Why are format specifiers important to be specified in I/O operations?
Format specifiers are important because they define how the data should be interpreted during input and how it should be displayed during output. They ensure that the correct data type and formatting are used, preventing errors and unexpected behavior.
What are escape sequences? Why do we need them?
Escape sequences are special character combinations that are used in strings to represent characters that are hard to type or represent control characters. They are preceded by a backslash (). They are needed to handle characters that have special meanings in programming, like newline, tab, and double quotes, among others.
Which operators are used for arithmetic operations?
The operators used for arithmetic operations in C language are + (addition), – (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), and % (modulus).
What are relational operators? Describe with an example.
Relational operators are used to compare two values and determine the relationship between them. Examples:
== checks if two values are equal.
!= checks if two values are not equal.
checks if the left value is greater than the right value.
< checks if the left value is less than the right value.
= checks if the left value is greater than or equal to the right value.
<= checks if the left value is less than or equal to the right value.
What is the difference between unary operators and binary operators?
Unary operators operate on a single operand, while binary operators operate on two operands. For example, -5 uses the unary minus operator, and 5 + 3 uses the binary plus operator.
What is the precedence of operators? Which operator has the highest precedence in C language?
Operator precedence determines the order in which operators are evaluated in an expression. Parentheses (()) have the highest precedence, followed by unary operators, then multiplicative and additive operators, and so on. Among the operators, unary operators have the highest precedence.
What is meant by the highest precedence in C language?
Highest precedence refers to the priority given to certain operators in an expression. Operators with higher precedence are evaluated before operators with lower precedence. For example, multiplication (*) has higher precedence than addition (+), so 3 + 5 * 2 is evaluated as 3 + (5 * 2) due to the higher precedence of multiplication.